The Architecture of Utilitarianism

An essay arguing that utilitarianism is a framework that begins with the value of experience, aggregates it across lives, and guides action. I show this structure in Bentham, and how it can be updated.

Alastair Norcross. Morality By Degrees.

My notes on a book that argues that consequentalist ethical theories just judge the degree to which states of the world and actions are better than alternatives.

William MacAskill. Doing Good Better.

My notes on a book explaining effective altruism’s approach of using evidence and careful reasoning to find how to make the most positive difference.

Sam Harris. The Moral Landscape

My notes on a book arguing that we should develop a science of morality rather than relying on divine authority or accepting moral relativism.

Peter Singer. The Expanding Circle.

My notes on a book arguing that through reasoning we can take an increasingly impartial concern for the interests of all and broaden the circle of moral subjects to include all sentient beings.